Browsing by Author "Tsang, A."

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Days out of role due to common physical and mental conditions: results from the WHO World Mental Health surveys
(NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND, 2011) Alonso, J.; Petukhova, M.; Vilagut, G.; Chatterji, S.; Heeringa, S.; Uestuen, T.B.; Alhamzawi, A.O.; Viana, M.C.; Angermeyer, M.; Bromet, E.; Bruffaerts, R.; De Girolamo, G.; Florescu, S.; Gureje, O.; Haro, J.M.; Hinkov, H.; Hu, C-y; Karam, E.G.; Kovess, V.; Levinson, D.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Nakamura, Y.; Ormel, J.; Posada-Villa, J.; Sagar, R.; Scott, K.M.; Tsang, A.; Williams, D.R.; Kessler, R.C.; IMIM Inst Recerca Hosp del Mar, Hlth Serv Res Unit, Barcelona 08003, Spain; jalonso@imim.es
Days out of role because of health problems are a major source of lost human capital. We examined the relative importance of commonly occurring physical and mental disorders in accounting for days out of role in 24 countries that participated in the World Health Organization (WHO) World Mental Health (WMH) surveys. Face-to-face interviews were carried out with 62 971 respondents (72.0% pooled response rate). Presence of ten chronic physical disorders and nine mental disorders was assessed for each respondent along with information about the number of days in the past month each respondent reported being totally unable to work or carry out their other normal daily activities because of problems with either physical or mental health. Multiple regression analysis was used to estimate associations of specific conditions and comorbidities with days out of role, controlling by basic socio-demographics (age, gender, employment status and country). Overall, 12.8% of respondents had some day totally out of role, with a median of 51.1 a year. The strongest individual-level effects (days out of role per year) were associated with neurological disorders (17.4), bipolar disorder (17.3) and post-traumatic stress disorder (15.2). The strongest population-level effect was associated with pain conditions, which accounted for 21.5% of all days out of role (population attributable risk proportion). The 19 conditions accounted for 62.2% of all days out of role. Common health conditions, including mental disorders, make up a large proportion of the number of days out of role across a wide range of countries and should be addressed to substantially increase overall productivity. Molecular Psychiatry (2011) 16, 1234-1246; doi:10.1038/mp.2010.101; published online 12 October 2010
Days out of role due to common physical and mental conditions: results from the WHO World Mental Health surveys
(2011) Alonso, J.; Petukhova, M.; Vilagut, G.; Chatterji, S.; Heeringa, S.; Ustun, TB; Alhamzawi, A.O.; Viana, M.C.; Angermeyer, M.; Bromet, E.; Bruffaerts, R.; De Girolamo, G.; Florescu, S.; Gureje, O.; Haro, J.M.; Hinkov, H.; Hu, C-y; Karam, E.G.; Kovess, V.; Levinson, D.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Nakamura, Y.; Ormel, J.; Posada-Villa, J.; Sagar, R.; Scott, K.M.; Tsang, A.; Williams, D.R.; Kessler, R.C.; Health Services Research Unit, IMIM-Institut de Recerca Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain; jalonso@imim.es
Depression-anxiety relationships with chronic physical conditions: results from the World Mental Health Surveys
(2007) Scott, K.M.; Bruffaerts, R.; Tsang, A.; Ormel, J.; Alonso, J.; Angermeyer, M.C.; Benjet, C.; Bromet, E.; De Girolamo, G.; De Graaf, R.; Gasquet, I.; Gureje, O.; Haro, J.M.; He, Y.; Kessler, R.C.; Levinson, D.; Mneimneh, Z.N.; Oakley-Browne, M.A.; Posada-Villa, J.; Stein, D.J.; Takeshima, T.; Von-Korff, M.; Department of Psychological Medicine, Wellington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, PO Box 7343 Wellington South, New Zealand; kate.scott@otago.ac.nz
Implications of modifying the duration requirement of generalized anxiety disorder in developed and developing countries
(CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS, 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA, 2009) Lee, S.; Tsang, A.; Ruscio, A.M.; Haro, J.M.; Stein, D.J.; Alonso, J.; Angermeyer, M.C.; Bromet, E.J.; Demyttenaere, K.; De Girolamo, G.; De Graaf, R.; Gureje, O.; Iwata, N.; Karam, E.G.; Lepine, J.P.; Levinson, D.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Oakley Browne, M.A.; Posada-Villa, J.; Kessler, R.C.; Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Psychiat, Hong Kong Mood Disorders Ctr, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China; singlee@cuhk.edu.hk
Background. A number of western studies have suggested that the 6-month duration requirement of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) does not represent a critical threshold in terms of onset, course, or risk factors of the disorder. No study has examined the consequences of modifying the duration requirement across a wide range of correlates in both developed and developing countries. Method. Population surveys were carried out in seven developing and 10 developed countries using the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (total sample=85052). prevalence and correlates of GAD were compared across mutually exclusive GAD subgroups defined by different minimum duration criteria. Results. Lifetime prevalence estimates for GAD lasting I month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months were 7.5%, 5.2%, 4.1% and 3.0% for developed countries and 2.7%, 1.8%, 1.5% and 1.2% for developing countries, respectively. There was little difference between GAD of 6 months' duration and GAD of shorter durations (1-2 months, 3-5 months) in age of onset, symptom severity or persistence, co-morbidity or impairment. GAD lasting >= 12 months was the most severe, persistently symptomatic and impaired subgroup. Conclusions. In both developed and developing countries, the clinical profile of GAD is similar regardless of duration. The DSM-IV 6-month duration criterion excludes a large number of individuals who present with shorter generalized anxiety episodes which may be recurrent, impairing and contributory to treatment-seeking. Future iterations of the DSM and ICD should consider modifying the 6-month duration criterion so as to better capture the diversity of clinically salient anxiety presentations.
Mental disorders and termination of education in high-income and low- and middle-income countries: epidemiological study
(ROYAL COLLEGE OF PSYCHIATRISTS, BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 17 BELGRAVE SQUARE, LONDON SW1X 8PG, ENGLAND, 2009) Lee, S.; Tsang, A.; Breslau, J.; Aguilar-Gaxiola, S.; Angermeyer, M.; Borges, G.; Bromet, E.; Bruffaerts, R.; De Girolamo, G.; Fayyad, J.; Gureje, O.; Haro, J.M.; Kawakami, N.; Levinson, D.; Browne, M.A. Oakley; Ormel, J.; Posada-Villa, J.; Williams, D.R.; Kessler, R.C.; Prince Wales Hosp, Hong Kong Mood Disorders Ctr, 7A,Block E,Staff Quarters, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.; singlee@cuhk.edu.hk