Browsing by Author "Tachimori, H."

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    Age patterns in the prevalence of DSM-IV depressive/anxiety disorders with and without physical co-morbidity
    (CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS, 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA, 2008) Scott, K.M.; Von Korff, M.; Alonso, J.; Angermeyer, M.; Bromet, E.J.; Bruffaerts, R.; De Girolamo, G.; De Graaf, R.; Fernández, A.; Gureje, O.; He, Y.; Kessler, R.C.; Kovess, V.; Levinson, D.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Mneimneh, Z.; Browne, M.A. Oakley; Posada-Villa, J.; Tachimori, H.; Williams, D.; Univ Otago, Dept Psychol Med, Wellington, New Zealand; kate.scott@otago.ac.nz
    Background. Physical morbidity is a potent risk factor for depression onset and clearly increases with age, yet prior research has often found depressive disorders to decrease with age. This study tests the possibility that the relationship between age and mental disorders differs as a function of physical co-morbidity. Method. Eighteen general population surveys were carried out among household-residing adults as part of the World Mental Health (WMH) surveys initiative (n = 42 697). DSM-IV disorders were assessed using face-to-face interviews with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0). The effect of age was estimated for 12-month depressive and/or anxiety disorders with and without physical or pain co-morbidity, and for physical and/or pain conditions without mental co-morbidity. Results. Depressive and anxiety disorders decreased with age, a result that cannot be explained by organic exclusion criteria. No significant difference was found in the relationship between mental disorders and age as a function of physical/pain co-morbidity. The majority of older persons have chronic physical or pain conditions without co-morbid mental disorders; by contrast, the majority of those with mental disorders have physical/pain co-morbidity, particularly among the older age groups. Conclusions. CIDI-diagnosed depressive and anxiety disorders in the general population decrease with age, despite greatly increasing physical morbidity with age. Physical morbidity among persons with mental disorder is the norm, particularly in older populations. Health professionals, including mental health professionals, need to address barriers to the management of physical co-morbidity among those with mental disorders.
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    Association of perceived stigma and mood and anxiety disorders: results from the World Mental Health Surveys
    (WILEY-BLACKWELL, COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA, 2008) Alonso, J.; Buron, A.; Bruffaerts, R.; He, Y.; Posada-Villa, J.; Lepine, J.P.; Angermeyer, M.C.; Levinson, D.; De Girolamo, G.; Tachimori, H.; Mneimneh, Z.N.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Ormel, J.; Scott, K.M.; Gureje, O.; Haro, J.M.; Gluzman, S.; Lee, S.; Vilagut, G.; Kessler, R.C.; Von Korff, M.; Hosp Mar, Inst Municipal Invest Med, Hlth Serv Res Unit, PRBB, Barcelona 08003, Spain; jalonso@imim.es
    Objective: We assessed the prevalence of perceived stigma among persons with mental disorders and chronic physical conditions in an international study. Method: Perceived stigma (reporting health-related embarrassment and discrimination) was assessed among adults reporting significant disability. Mental disorders were assessed with Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) 3.0. Chronic conditions were ascertained by self-report. Household-residing adults (80 737) participated in 17 population surveys in 16 countries. Results: Perceived stigma was present in 13.5% (22.1% in developing and 11.7% in developed countries). Suffering from a depressive or an anxiety disorder (vs. no mental disorder) was associated with about a twofold increase in the likelihood of stigma, while comorbid depression and anxiety was even more strongly associated (OR 3.4, 95%CI 2.7-4.2). Chronic physical conditions showed a much lower association. Conclusion: Perceived stigma is frequent and strongly associated with mental disorders worldwide. Efforts to alleviate stigma among individuals with comorbid depression and anxiety are needed.
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    Complementary and alternative medicine contacts by persons with mental disorders in 25 countries: results from the World Mental Health Surveys
    (Cambridge University Press, 2018) Jonge, P. de; Wardenaar, K. J.; Hoenders, H. R.; Evans-Lacko, S.; Kovess-Masfety, V.; Aguilar-Gaxiola, S.; Al-Hamzawi, A.; Alonso, J.; Andrade, L. H.; Benjet, C.; Bromet, E. J.; Bruffaerts, R.; Bunting, B.; Caldas-de-Almeida, J. M.; Dinolova, R. V.; Florescu, S.; Girolamo, G. de; Gureje, O.; Haro, J. M.; Hu, C.; Huang, Y.; Karam, E. G.; Karam, G.; Lee, S.; Lépine, J.-P.; Levinson, D.; Makanjuola, V.; Navarro-Mateu, F.; Pennell, B.-E.; Posada-Villa, J.; Scott, K.; Tachimori, H.; Williams, D.; Wojtyniak, B.; Kessler, R. C.; Thornicroft, G.; WHO World Mental Health Survey Colloborators; Borges, Guilherme; Medina-Mora, Maria Elena; Developmental Psychology, Department of Psychology, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; peter.de.jonge@rug.nl