Browsing by Author "Medina-Mora, M.E."

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A methodology for intensive case-finding and monitoring of drug use in Mexican community
(1980) Medina-Mora, M.E.; Ryan, P.; Ortíz, A.; Campos, T.; Solís, A.
A multinational study of mental disorders, marriage, and divorce
(WILEY-BLACKWELL, COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA, 2011) Breslau, J.; Miller, E.; Jin, R.; Sampson, N.A.; Alonso, J.; Andrade, L.H.; Bromet, E.J.; De Girolamo, G.; Demyttenaere, K.; Fayyad, J.; Fukao, A.; Galaon, M.; Gureje, O.; He, Y.; Hinkov, H.R.; Hu, C.; Kovess-Masfety, V.; Matschinger, H.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Ormel, J.; Posada-Villa, J.; Sagar, R.; Scott, K.M.; Kessler, R.C.; Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Care Policy, Boston, MA 02115 USA; ncs@hcp.med.harvard.edu
Objective: Estimate predictive associations of mental disorders with marriage and divorce in a cross-national sample. Method: Population surveys of mental disorders included assessment of age at first marriage in 19 countries (n = 46 128) and age at first divorce in a subset of 12 countries (n = 30 729). Associations between mental disorders and subsequent marriage and divorce were estimated in discrete time survival models. Results: Fourteen of 18 premarital mental disorders are associated with lower likelihood of ever marrying (odds ratios ranging from 0.6 to 0.9), but these associations vary across ages of marriage. Associations between premarital mental disorders and marriage are generally null for early marriage (age 17 or younger), but negative associations come to predominate at later ages. All 18 mental disorders are positively associated with divorce (odds ratios ranging from 1.2 to 1.8). Three disorders, specific phobia, major depression, and alcohol abuse, are associated with the largest population attributable risk proportions for both marriage and divorce. Conclusion: This evidence adds to research demonstrating adverse effects of mental disorders on life course altering events across a diverse range of socioeconomic and cultural settings. These effects should be included in considerations of public health investments in preventing and treating mental disorders.
A rationale for identification of cases of drug abuse
(1982) Hughes, P.H.; Jarvis, G.K.; Khant, U.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Navaratnam, V.; Poshyachinda, V.; Wadud, K.A.
El abuso de disolventes - Las drogas de abuso: solventes inhalables
(1990) Medina-Mora, M.E.; Instituto Mexicano de Psiquiatría
El abuso de drogas en México
(1979) De la Fuente, R.; Fernández-Guardiola, A.; Campillo, C.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Ramírez, M.; Pucheu, C.; Inst Mexicano Psiquiatria. Calz Mexico Xochimilco 101, Mexico City 14370, DF, Mexico.
Adolescent Drug Use in Mexico and among Mexican American Adolescents in the United States: Environmental Influences and Individual Characteristics
(2001) Félix-Ortiz, M.; Villatoro Velázquez, J.A.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Newcomb, M.D.; University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, 1282A Franz Hall, Box 951563, Los Angeles, California 90095-1563, USA.; felixortiz@psych.ucla.edu
Age patterns in the prevalence of DSM-IV depressive/anxiety disorders with and without physical co-morbidity
(CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS, 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA, 2008) Scott, K.M.; Von Korff, M.; Alonso, J.; Angermeyer, M.; Bromet, E.J.; Bruffaerts, R.; De Girolamo, G.; De Graaf, R.; Fernández, A.; Gureje, O.; He, Y.; Kessler, R.C.; Kovess, V.; Levinson, D.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Mneimneh, Z.; Browne, M.A. Oakley; Posada-Villa, J.; Tachimori, H.; Williams, D.; Univ Otago, Dept Psychol Med, Wellington, New Zealand; kate.scott@otago.ac.nz
Background. Physical morbidity is a potent risk factor for depression onset and clearly increases with age, yet prior research has often found depressive disorders to decrease with age. This study tests the possibility that the relationship between age and mental disorders differs as a function of physical co-morbidity. Method. Eighteen general population surveys were carried out among household-residing adults as part of the World Mental Health (WMH) surveys initiative (n = 42 697). DSM-IV disorders were assessed using face-to-face interviews with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0). The effect of age was estimated for 12-month depressive and/or anxiety disorders with and without physical or pain co-morbidity, and for physical and/or pain conditions without mental co-morbidity. Results. Depressive and anxiety disorders decreased with age, a result that cannot be explained by organic exclusion criteria. No significant difference was found in the relationship between mental disorders and age as a function of physical/pain co-morbidity. The majority of older persons have chronic physical or pain conditions without co-morbid mental disorders; by contrast, the majority of those with mental disorders have physical/pain co-morbidity, particularly among the older age groups. Conclusions. CIDI-diagnosed depressive and anxiety disorders in the general population decrease with age, despite greatly increasing physical morbidity with age. Physical morbidity among persons with mental disorder is the norm, particularly in older populations. Health professionals, including mental health professionals, need to address barriers to the management of physical co-morbidity among those with mental disorders.
Alcohol consumption and pregnancy in the Mexican national addiction survey
(1997) Borges, G.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Pelcastre, B.; Marina, F.F.; Instituto Mexicano de Psiquiatria, México, D.F., México.; guimar@servidor.unam.mx
En l988 la Dirección General de Epidemiología y el Instituto Mexicano de Psiquiatría llevaron a cabo la primera Encuesta Nacional de Adicciones (ENA), que proporciona información a nível nacional y regional sobre el uso de alcohol, tabaco y drogas ilícitas. La ENA incluye una submuestra de mujeres que se embarazaron alguma vez en la vida. Se obtuvieron 5.234 respuestas afirmativas a la pregunta de se alguma vez se habían embarazado. A este grupo se les preguntó si en su último embarazo tuvieron un aborto espontáneo, un bebe nacido muerto o un bebe con anomalías congênitas. La prevalencia de aborto espontáneo fue de 3,8%, 1,2% de nascidos muertos y 1,1% de anomalías congénitas. Se utilizaron modelos de regressión logística múltiple para analizar el papel del consumo de bebidas alcohólicas sobre estos problemas. El consumo de alcohol durante el embarazo sólo se asoció con la prevalencia de anomalias congênitas, con una razón de prevalencia de 3,4. Entre las bebedoras habituales de alcohol en los últimos 12 meses, sólo las mujeres que se ubicaron en la más alta categoria de consumo mostraron relaciones importantes con los tres problemas mencionados. Se sugiere la necesidad de realizar estudios de seguimento para llegar a conclusiones más definitivas.
Alcohol policies in developing countries: Latin America
(2000) Medina-Mora, M.E.; Carlini-Cotrim, B.; Madrigal, E.; Mexican Institute of Psychiatry, Calzada Mexico Xoclimilco 101, Mexico, 14370
Alcohol policies in developing societies: perspectives from a project
(2000) Carlini-Cotrim, B.; Gureje, O.; Jernigan, D.; Mäkelä, K.; Marshall, M.; Monteiro, M.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Parry, C.; Partanen, J.; Riley, L.; Room, Robín; Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Centrum för socialvetenskaplig alkohol- och drogforskning (SoRAD)
Association of perceived stigma and mood and anxiety disorders: results from the World Mental Health Surveys
(WILEY-BLACKWELL, COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA, 2008) Alonso, J.; Buron, A.; Bruffaerts, R.; He, Y.; Posada-Villa, J.; Lepine, J.P.; Angermeyer, M.C.; Levinson, D.; De Girolamo, G.; Tachimori, H.; Mneimneh, Z.N.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Ormel, J.; Scott, K.M.; Gureje, O.; Haro, J.M.; Gluzman, S.; Lee, S.; Vilagut, G.; Kessler, R.C.; Von Korff, M.; Hosp Mar, Inst Municipal Invest Med, Hlth Serv Res Unit, PRBB, Barcelona 08003, Spain; jalonso@imim.es
Objective: We assessed the prevalence of perceived stigma among persons with mental disorders and chronic physical conditions in an international study. Method: Perceived stigma (reporting health-related embarrassment and discrimination) was assessed among adults reporting significant disability. Mental disorders were assessed with Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) 3.0. Chronic conditions were ascertained by self-report. Household-residing adults (80 737) participated in 17 population surveys in 16 countries. Results: Perceived stigma was present in 13.5% (22.1% in developing and 11.7% in developed countries). Suffering from a depressive or an anxiety disorder (vs. no mental disorder) was associated with about a twofold increase in the likelihood of stigma, while comorbid depression and anxiety was even more strongly associated (OR 3.4, 95%CI 2.7-4.2). Chronic physical conditions showed a much lower association. Conclusion: Perceived stigma is frequent and strongly associated with mental disorders worldwide. Efforts to alleviate stigma among individuals with comorbid depression and anxiety are needed.
Change in binge eating and binge eating disorder associated with migration from Mexico to the U.S.
(2012) Swanson, S.A.; Saito, N.; Borges, G.; Benjet, C.; Aguilar-Gaxiola, S.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Breslau, J.; Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA 02115, USA; sswanson@hsph.harvard.edu
El consumo de alcohol en la población del Distrito Federal
(INST NACIONAL SALUD PUBLICA, AV UNIVERSIDAD 655, COL SANTA MARIA AHUACATITLAN, CUERNAVACA 62508, MORELOS, MEXICO, 1980) Medina-Mora, M.E.; De la Parra, C.A.; Terroba, G.; Inst Mexicano Psiquiatria. Calz Mexico Xochimilco 101, Mexico City 14370, DF, Mexico.
Cross-national differences in the prevalence and correlates of burden among older family caregivers in the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys
(2013) Shahly, V.; Chatterji, S.; Gruber, M. J.; Al-Hamzawi, A.; Alonso, J.; Andrade, L. H.; Angermeyer, M. C.; Bruffaerts, R.; Bunting, B.; Caldas-de-Almeida, J. M.; De Girolamo, G.; De Jonge, P.; Florescu, S.; Gureje, O.; Haro, J. M.; Hinkov, H. R.; Hu, C.; Karam, E. G.; Lépine, J.-P.; Levinson, D.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Posada-Villa, J.; Sampson, N. A.; Trivedi, J. K.; Viana, M. C.; Kessler, R. C.; Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu
Days out of role due to common physical and mental conditions: results from the WHO World Mental Health surveys
(NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND, 2011) Alonso, J.; Petukhova, M.; Vilagut, G.; Chatterji, S.; Heeringa, S.; Uestuen, T.B.; Alhamzawi, A.O.; Viana, M.C.; Angermeyer, M.; Bromet, E.; Bruffaerts, R.; De Girolamo, G.; Florescu, S.; Gureje, O.; Haro, J.M.; Hinkov, H.; Hu, C-y; Karam, E.G.; Kovess, V.; Levinson, D.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Nakamura, Y.; Ormel, J.; Posada-Villa, J.; Sagar, R.; Scott, K.M.; Tsang, A.; Williams, D.R.; Kessler, R.C.; IMIM Inst Recerca Hosp del Mar, Hlth Serv Res Unit, Barcelona 08003, Spain; jalonso@imim.es
Days out of role because of health problems are a major source of lost human capital. We examined the relative importance of commonly occurring physical and mental disorders in accounting for days out of role in 24 countries that participated in the World Health Organization (WHO) World Mental Health (WMH) surveys. Face-to-face interviews were carried out with 62 971 respondents (72.0% pooled response rate). Presence of ten chronic physical disorders and nine mental disorders was assessed for each respondent along with information about the number of days in the past month each respondent reported being totally unable to work or carry out their other normal daily activities because of problems with either physical or mental health. Multiple regression analysis was used to estimate associations of specific conditions and comorbidities with days out of role, controlling by basic socio-demographics (age, gender, employment status and country). Overall, 12.8% of respondents had some day totally out of role, with a median of 51.1 a year. The strongest individual-level effects (days out of role per year) were associated with neurological disorders (17.4), bipolar disorder (17.3) and post-traumatic stress disorder (15.2). The strongest population-level effect was associated with pain conditions, which accounted for 21.5% of all days out of role (population attributable risk proportion). The 19 conditions accounted for 62.2% of all days out of role. Common health conditions, including mental disorders, make up a large proportion of the number of days out of role across a wide range of countries and should be addressed to substantially increase overall productivity. Molecular Psychiatry (2011) 16, 1234-1246; doi:10.1038/mp.2010.101; published online 12 October 2010
Days out of role due to common physical and mental conditions: results from the WHO World Mental Health surveys
(2011) Alonso, J.; Petukhova, M.; Vilagut, G.; Chatterji, S.; Heeringa, S.; Ustun, TB; Alhamzawi, A.O.; Viana, M.C.; Angermeyer, M.; Bromet, E.; Bruffaerts, R.; De Girolamo, G.; Florescu, S.; Gureje, O.; Haro, J.M.; Hinkov, H.; Hu, C-y; Karam, E.G.; Kovess, V.; Levinson, D.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Nakamura, Y.; Ormel, J.; Posada-Villa, J.; Sagar, R.; Scott, K.M.; Tsang, A.; Williams, D.R.; Kessler, R.C.; Health Services Research Unit, IMIM-Institut de Recerca Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain; jalonso@imim.es
Del tabaco al uso de otras drogas: ¿el uso temprano de tabaco aumenta la probabilidad de usar otras drogas?
(2002) Medina-Mora, M.E.; Peña-Corona, M.P.; Cravioto, P.; Villatoro, J.; Kuri, P.; Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría doctor Ramón de la Fuente, México, D.F., México.; medinam@imp.edu.mx
Objetivo. Analizar la probabilidad de abuso de sustancias en relación con la edad de inicio del consumo de tabaco. Material y métodos. Los datos provienen de la Encuesta Nacional de Adicciones (1998) realizada en población urbana. Resultados. La edad de mayor riesgo para experimentar con sustancias es entre los 15 y los 19 años. Solamente en 5.6% de los usuarios de drogas y 13% de los que han consumido alcohol, el uso del tabaco no ocurrió primero. La probabilidad de beber en forma consuetudinaria y de presentar dependencia es mayor cuando la edad de inicio es temprana y disminuye en la medida en que se retrasa la edad de inicio. La experimentación con drogas, el continuar usándolas y el poliuso son más frecuentes entre quienes se iniciaron antes de los 15 años. Conclusiones. El inicio temprano en el consumo de tabaco incrementa la probabilidad de uso y abuso de sustancias.
Drogas de abuso: esteroides anabólicos
(1991) Medina-Mora, M.E.; Instituto Mexicano de Psiquiatría
Drug use among non-students in three countries
(1981) Smart, R.G.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Terroba, G.; Varma, V.K.
Embarrassment when illness strikes a close relative: a World Mental Health Survey Consortium Multi-Site Study
(CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS, 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA, 2013) Ahmedani, B.K.; Kubiak, S.P.; Kessler, R.C.; De Graaf, R.; Alonso, J.; Bruffaerts, R.; Zarkov, Z.; Viana, M.C.; Huang, Y.Q.; Hu, C.; Posada-Villa, J.A.; Lepine, J.P.; Angermeyer, M.C.; De Girolamo, G.; Karam, A.N.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Gureje, O.; Ferry, F.; Sagar, R.; Anthony, J.C.; Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Ctr Hlth Policy & Hlth Serv Res, 1 Ford Pl,Suite 3A, Detroit, MI 48202 USA.; bahmeda1@hfhs.org