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Browsing by Author "Karam, Elie G."

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    A comparison of DSM-5 and DSM-IV agoraphobia in the World Mental Health Surveys
    (Wiley, 2019) Roest, Annelieke M.; Vries, Ymkje Anna de; Lim, Carmen C.W.; Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich; Stein, Dan J.; Adamowski, Tomasz; Al-Hamzawi, Ali; Bromet, Evelyn J.; Viana, Maria Carmen; Girolamo, Giovanni de; Demyttenaere, Koen; Florescu, Silvia; Gureje, Oye; Haro, Josep Maria; Hu, Chiyi; Karam, Elie G.; Caldas-de-Almeida, José Miguel; Kawakami, Norito; Lépine, Jean Pierre; Levinson, Daphna; Medina-Mora, María E.; Navarro-Mateu, Fernando; O’Neill, Siobhan; Piazza, Marina; Posada-Villa, José A.; Slade, Tim; Torres, Yolanda; Kessler, Ronald C.; Scott, Kate M.; Jonge, Peter de; WHO World Mental Health Survey Collaborators; Benjet, Corina; Borges, Guilherme; Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; a.m.roest@rug.nl
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    Age of onset and cumulative risk of mental disorders: a cross-national analysis of population surveys from 29 countries
    (Elsevier, 2023) McGrath, John J.; Al-Hamzawi, Ali; Alonso, Jordi; Altwaijri, Yasmin; Andrade, Laura H.; Bromet, Evelyn J.; Bruffaerts, Ronny; Caldas de Almeida, José Miguel; Chardoul, Stephanie; Chiu, Wai Tat; Degenhardt, Louisa; Demler, Olga V.; Ferry, Finola; Gureje, Oye; Haro, Josep Maria; Karam, Elie G.; Karam, Georges; Khaled, Salma M.; Kovess-Masfety, Viviane; Magno, Marta; Medina-Mora, Maria Elena; Moskalewicz, Jacek; Navarro-Mateu, Fernando; Nishi, Daisuke; Plana-Ripoll, Oleguer; Posada-Villa, José; Rapsey, Charlene; Sampson, Nancy A.; Stagnaro, Juan Carlos; Stein, Dan J.; Have, Margreet ten; Torres, Yolanda; Vladescu, Cristian; Woodruff, Peter W.; Zarkov, Zahari; Kessler, Ronald C.; WHO World Mental Health Survey Collaborators; Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio; Al-Hamzawi, Ali; Alonso, Jordi; Altwaijri, Yasmin A.; Andrade, Laura Helena; Atwoli, Lukoye; Benjet, Corina; Bromet, Evelyn J.; Bruffaerts, Ronny; Bunting, Brendan; Caldas-de-Almeida, José Miguel; Cardoso, Graça; Chardoul, Stephanie; Cía, Alfredo H.; Degenhardt, Louisa; Girolamo, Giovanni De; Gureje, Oye; Haro, Josep Maria; Harris, Meredith G.; Hinkov, Hristo; Hu, Chi-Yi; Jonge, Peter De; Karam, Aimee N.; Karam, Elie G.; Karam, Georges; Kazdin, Alan E.; Kawakami, Norito; Kessler, Ronald C.; Kiejna, Andrzej; Kovess-Masfety, Viviane; McGrath, John J.; Moskalewicz, Jacek; Navarro-Mateu, Fernando; Nishi, Daisuke; Piazza, Marina; Posada-Villa, José; Scott, Kate M.; Stagnaro, Juan Carlos; Stein, Dan J.; Have, Margreet Ten; Torres, Yolanda; Viana, Maria Carmen; Vigo, Daniel V.; Vladescu, Cristian; Williams, David R.; Woodruff, Peter; Wojtyniak, Bogdan; Xavier, Miguel; Zaslavsky, Alan M.; Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; j.mcgrath@uq.edu.au (McGrath, John J.)
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    Alcohol abuse in developed and developing countries in the World Mental Health Surveys: Socially defined consequences or psychiatric disorder?
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2014) Glantz, Meyer D.; Medina-Mora, María Elena; Petukhova, Maria; Andrade, Laura Helena; Anthony, James C.; Girolamo, Giovanni de; Graaf, Ron de; Degenhardt, Louisa; Demyttenaere, Koen; Florescu, Silvia; Gureje, Oye; Haro, Josep Maria; Horiguchi, Itsuko; Karam, Elie G.; Kostyuchenko, Stanislav; Lee, Sing; Lépine, Jeaía-Pierre; Matschinger, Herbert; Neumark, Yehuda; Posada-Villa, Jose; Sagar, Rajesh; Stein, Dan J.; Tomov, Toma; Wells, J Elisabeth; Chatterji, Somnath; Kessler, Ronald C.; Division of Epidemiology, Services, and Prevention Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu
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    Alcohol abuse in developed and developing countries in the World Mental Health Surveys: socially defined consequences or psychiatric disorder?
    (2014) Glantz, Meyer D.; Medina‐Mora, Maria Elena; Petukhova, Maria; Andrade, Laura Helena; Anthony, James C.; De Girolamo, Giovanni; De Graaf, Ron; Degenhardt, Louisa; Demyttenaere, Koen; Florescu, Silvia; Gureje, Oye; FRCPsych; Haro, Josep Maria; Horiguchi, Itsuko; Karam, Elie G.; Kostyuchenko, Stanislav; Lee, Sing; Lépine, Jean‐Pierre; Matschinger, Herbert; Neumark, Yehuda; Posada‐Villa, Jose; Sagar, Rajesh; Stein, Dan J.; Tomov, Toma; Wells, J. Elisabeth; Chatterji, Somnath; Kessler, Ronald C.; Division of Epidemiology, Services, and Prevention Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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    Antidepressant use in low- middle- and high-income countries: a World Mental Health Surveys report
    (Cambridge University Press, 2023) Kazdin, Alan E.; Wu, Chi Shin; Hwang, Irving; Puac-Polanco, Victor; Sampson, Nancy A.; Al-Hamzawi, Ali; Alonso, Jordi; Andrade, Laura Helena; Benjet, Corina; Caldas-de-Almeida, José-Miguel; Girolamo, Giovanni de; Jonge, Peter de; Florescu, Silvia; Gureje, Oye; Haro, Josep M.; Harris, Meredith G.; Karam, Elie G.; Karam, Georges; Kovess-Masfety, Viviane; Lee, Sing; McGrath, John J.; Navarro-Mateu, Fernando; Nishi, Daisuke; Oladeji, Bibilola D.; Posada-Villa, José; Stein, Dan J.; Üstün, T. Bedirhan; Vigo, Daniel V.; Zarkov, Zahari; Zaslavsky, Alan M.; Kessler, Ronald C.; the WHO World Mental Health Survey collaborators; Borges, Guilherme; Medina-Mora, María Elena; Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu (Ronald C. Kessler)
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    Association of cohort and individual substance use with risk of transitioning to drug use, drug use disorder, and remission from disorder findings from the World Mental Health Surveys
    (American Medical Association, 2019) Degenhardt, Louisa; Bharat, Chrianna; Glantz, Meyer D.; Sampson, Nancy A.; Al-Hamzawi, Ali; Alonso, Jordi; Andrade, Laura H.; Bunting, Brendan; Cia, Alfredo; Girolamo, Giovanni de; Jonge, Peter De; Demyttenaere, Koen; Gureje, Oye; Haro, Josep Maria; Harris, Meredith G.; He, Yanling; Hinkov, Hristo; Karam, Aimee Nasser; Karam, Elie G.; Kiejna, Andrzej; Kovess-Masfety, Viviane; Lasebikan, Victor; Lee, Sing; Levinson, Daphna; Medina-Mora, Maria Elena; Mneimneh, Zeina; Navarro-Mateu, Fernando; Piazza, Marina; Posada-Villa, José; Scott, Kate; Stein, Dan J.; Tachimori, Hisateru; Tintle, Nathan; Torres, Yolanda; Kessler, Ronald C.; WHO World Mental Health Survey Collaborators; National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.; l.degenhardt@unsw.edu.au
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    Childhood adversities and adult psychopathology in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys
    (Royal College of Psychiatrists, British Journal of Psychiatry 17 Belgrave Square, London SW1X 8PG, England, 2010) Kessler, Ronald C.; McLaughlin, Katie A.; Green, Jennifer Greif; Gruber, Michael J.; Sampson, Nancy A.; Zaslavsky, Alan M.; Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio; Alhamzawi, Ali Obaid; Alonso, Jordi; Angermeyer, Matthias; Benjet, Corina; Bromet, Evelyn; Chatterji, Somnath; De Girolamo, Giovanni; Demyttenaere, Koen; Fayyad, John; Florescu, Silvia; Gal, Gilad; Gureje, Oye; Maria Haro, Josep; Hu, Chi-yi; Karam, Elie G.; Kawakami, Norito; Lee, Sing; Lepine, Jean-Pierre; Ormel, Johan; Posada-Villa, José; Sagar, Rajesh; Tsang, Adley; Uestuen, T. Bedirhan; Vassilev, Svetlozar; Viana, María Carmen; Williams, David R.; Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Care Policy, Boston, MA 02115 USA; kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu
    Background: Although significant associations of childhood adversities with adult mental disorders are widely documented, most studies focus on single childhood adversities predicting single disorders. Aims: To examine joint associations of 12 childhood adversities with first onset of 20 DSM-IV disorders in World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys in 21 countries. Method: Nationally or regionally representative surveys of 51 945 adults assessed childhood adversities and lifetime DSM-IV disorders with the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Results: Childhood adversities were highly prevalent and interrelated. Childhood adversities associated with maladaptive family functioning (e.g. parental mental illness, child abuse, neglect) were the strongest predictors of disorders. Co-occurring childhood adversities associated with maladaptive family functioning had significant subadditive predictive associations and little specificity across disorders. Childhood adversities account for 29.8% of all disorders across countries. Conclusions: Childhood adversities have strong associations with all classes of disorders at all life-course stages in all groups of WMH countries. Long-term associations imply the existence of as-yet undetermined mediators.
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    Childhood adversities as risk factors for onset and persistence of suicidal behaviour
    (2010) Bruffaerts, Ronny; Demyttenaere, Koen; Borges, Guilherme; Haro, Josep Maria; Chiu, Wai Tat; Hwang, Irving; Karam, Elie G.; Kessler, Ronald C.; Sampson, Nancy; Alonso, Jordi; Andrade, Laura Helena; Angermeyer, Matthias; Benjet, Corina; Bromet, Evelyn; De Girolamo, Giovanni; De Graaf, Ron; Florescu, Silvia; Gureje, Oye; Horiguchi,  Itsuko; Hu, Chiyi; Kovess, Viviane; Levinson, Daphna; Posada-Villa, Jose; Sagar,  Rajesh; Scott, Kate; Tsang, Adley; Vassilev, Svetlozar M.; Williams, David R.; Nock, Matthew K.; permissions@rcpsych.ac.uk
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    Childhood adversities as risk factors for onset and persistence of suicidal behaviour
    (ROYAL COLLEGE OF PSYCHIATRISTS, BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 17 BELGRAVE SQUARE, LONDON SW1X 8PG, ENGLAND, 2010) Bruffaerts, Ronny; Demyttenaere, Koen; Borges, Guilherme; Maria Haro, Josep; Chiu, Wai Tat; Hwang, Irving; Karam, Elie G.; Kessler, Ronald C.; Sampson, Nancy; Alonso, Jordi; Andrade, Laura Helena; Angermeyer, Matthias; Benjet, Corina; Bromet, Evelyn; De Girolamo, Giovanni; De Graaf, Ron; Florescu, Silvia; Gureje, Oye; Horiguchi, Itsuko; Hu, Chiyi; Kovess, Viviane; Levinson, Daphna; Posada-Villa, José; Sagar, Rajesh; Scott, Kate; Tsang, Adley; Vassilev, Svetlozar M.; Williams, David R.; Nock, Matthew K.; Univ Hosp Gasthuisberg, Dept Psychiat, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium; ronny.bruffaerts@med.kuleuven.be
    Background: Suicide is a leading cause of death worldwide, but the precise effect of childhood adversities as risk factors for the onset and persistence of suicidal behaviour (suicide ideation, plans and attempts) are not well understood. Aims: To examine the associations between childhood adversities as risk factors for the onset and persistence of suicidal behaviour across 21 countries worldwide. Method: Respondents from nationally representative samples (n = 55 299) were interviewed regarding childhood adversities that occurred before the age of 18 years and lifetime suicidal behaviour. Results: Childhood adversities were associated with an increased risk of suicide attempt and ideation in both bivariate and multivariate models (odds ratio range 1.2-5.7). The risk increased with the number of adversities experienced, but at a decreasing rate. Sexual and physical abuse were consistently the strongest risk factors for both the onset and persistence of suicidal behaviour, especially during adolescence. Associations remained similar after additional adjustment for respondents' lifetime mental disorder status. Conclusions: Childhood adversities (especially intrusive or aggressive adversities) are powerful predictors of the onset and persistence of suicidal behaviours.
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    Childhood generalized specific phobia as an early marker of internalizing psychopathology across the lifespan: results from the World Mental Health Surveys
    (BioMed Central, 2019) Vries, Ymkje Anna de; Al-Hamzawi, Ali; Alonso, Jordi; Borges, Guilherme; Bruffaerts, Ronny; Bunting, Brendan; Caldas-de-Almeida, José Miguel; Cia, Alfredo H.; Girolamo, Giovanni De; Dinolova, Rumyana V.; Esan, Oluyomi; Florescu, Silvia; Gureje, Oye; Haro, Josep Maria; Hu, Chiyi; Karam, Elie G.; Karam, Aimee; Kawakami, Norito; Kiejna, Andrzej; Kovess-Masfety, Viviane; Lee, Sing; Mneimneh, Zeina; Navarro-Mateu, Fernando; Piazza, Marina; Scott, Kate; Have, Margreet ten; Torres, Yolanda; Viana, Maria Carmen; Kessler, Ronald C.; Jonge, Peter de; WHO World Mental Health Survey Collaborators; Benjet, Corina; Medina-Mora, María Elena; Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; y.a.de.vries@rug.nl
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    Childhood Predictors of Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Results from the World Health Organization World Mental Health Survey Initiative
    (Cambridge Univ. Press, 32 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10013-2473 USA, 2009) Lara, Carmen; Fayyad, John; De Graaf, Ron; Kessler, Ronald C.; Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio; Angermeyer, Matthias; Demytteneare, Koen; De Girolamo, Giovanni; Haro, Josep Maria; Jin, Robert; Karam, Elie G.; Lepine, Jean-Pierre; Medina Mora, María Elena; Ormel, Johan; Posada-Villa, José; Sampson, Nancy; Inst Nacl Psiquiatria Ramon de la Fuente, Direcc Invest Epidemiol & Psicosociales, Mexico City 14370, DF, Mexico; laracan@imp.edu.mx
    Background: Although it is known that childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often persists into adulthood, childhood predictors of this persistence have not been widely studied. Methods: Childhood history of ADHD and adult ADHD were assessed in 10 countries in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys. Logistic regression analysis was used to study associations of retrospectively reported childhood risk factors with adult persistence among the 629 adult respondents with childhood ADHD. Risk factors included age; sex; childhood ADHD symptom profiles, severity, and treatment; comorbid child/adolescent DSM-IV disorders; childhood family adversities; and child/adolescent exposure to traumatic events. Results: An average of 50% of children with ADHD (range: 32.8%-84.1% across countries) continued to meet DSM-IV criteria for ADHD as adults. Persistence was strongly related to childhood ADHD symptom profile (highest persistence associated with the attentional plus impulsive-hyperactive type, odds ratio [OR] = 12.4, compared with the lowest associated with the impulsive-hyperactive type), symptom severity (OR = 2.0), comorbid major depressive disorder (MDD; OR = 2.2), high comorbidity (>= 3 child/adolescent disorders in addition to ADHD; OR = 1.7), paternal (but not maternal) anxiety mood disorder (OR = 2.4), and parental antisocial personality disorder (OR = 2.2). A multivariate risk profile of these variables significantly predicts persistence of ADHD into adulthood (area under the receiving operator characteristic curve = .76). Conclusions: A substantial proportion of children with ADHD continue to meet full criteria for ADHD as adults. A multivariate risk index comprising variables that can be assessed in adolescence predicts persistence with good accuracy.
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    Concordance between the diagnostic guidelines for alcohol and cannabis use disorders in the draft ICD-11 and other classification systems: analysis of data from the WHO's World Mental Health Surveys
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2019) Degenhardt, Louisa; Bharat, Chrianna; Bruno, Raimondo; Glantz, Meyer D.; Sampson, Nancy A.; Lago, Luise; Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio; Alonso, Jordi; Andrade, Laura Helena; Bunting, Brendan; Caldas-de-Almeida, Jose Miguel; Cia, Alfredo H.; Gureje, Oye; Karam, Elie G.; Mohammad, Khalaf; Mc Grath, John J.; Moskalewicz, Jacek; Lee, Sing; Mneimneh, Zeina; Navarro-Mateu, Fernando; Sasu, Carmen C.; Scott, Kate; Torres, Yolanda; Poznyak, Vladimir; Chatterji, Somnath; Kessler, Ronald C.; WHO World Mental Health Survey Collaborators; Benjet, Corina; Borges, Guilherme; Medina-Mora, María Elena; National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, 22-32 King St, Randwick NSW 2031, Australia.; l.degenhardt@unsw.edu.au
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    Cross-National Analysis of the Associations among Mental Disorders and Suicidal Behavior: Findings from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys
    (PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE, 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA, 2009) Nock, Matthew K.; Hwang, Irving; Sampson, Nancy; Kessler, Ronald C.; Angermeyer, Matthias; Beautrais, Annette; Borges, Guilherme; Bromet, Evelyn; Bruffaerts, Ronny; De Girolamo, Giovanni; De Graaf, Ron; Florescu, Silvia; Gureje, Oye; Haro, Josep Maria; Hu, Chiyi; Huang, Yueqin; Karam, Elie G.; Kawakami, Norito; Kovess, Viviane; Levinson, Daphna; Posada-Villa, José; Sagar, Rajesh; Tomov, Toma; Viana, María Carmen; Williams, David R.; Harvard Univ, Dept Psychol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA; nock@wjh.harvard.edu
    Background: Suicide is a leading cause of death worldwide. Mental disorders are among the strongest predictors of suicide; however, little is known about which disorders are uniquely predictive of suicidal behavior, the extent to which disorders predict suicide attempts beyond their association with suicidal thoughts, and whether these associations are similar across developed and developing countries. This study was designed to test each of these questions with a focus on nonfatal suicide attempts. Methods and Findings: Data on the lifetime presence and age-of-onset of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM-IV) mental disorders and nonfatal suicidal behaviors were collected via structured face-to-face interviews with 108,664 respondents from 21 countries participating in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. The results show that each lifetime disorder examined significantly predicts the subsequent first onset of suicide attempt (odds ratios [ORs] = 2.9-8.9). After controlling for comorbidity, these associations decreased substantially (ORs = 1.5-5.6) but remained significant in most cases. Overall, mental disorders were equally predictive in developed and developing countries, with a key difference being that the strongest predictors of suicide attempts in developed countries were mood disorders, whereas in developing countries impulse-control, substance use, and post-traumatic stress disorders were most predictive. Disaggregation of the associations between mental disorders and nonfatal suicide attempts showed that these associations are largely due to disorders predicting the onset of suicidal thoughts rather than predicting progression from thoughts to attempts. In the few instances where mental disorders predicted the transition from suicidal thoughts to attempts, the significant disorders are characterized by anxiety and poor impulse-control. The limitations of this study include the use of retrospective self-reports of lifetime occurrence and age-of-onset of mental disorders and suicidal behaviors, as well as the narrow focus on mental disorders as predictors of nonfatal suicidal behaviors, each of which must be addressed in future studies. Conclusions: This study found that a wide range of mental disorders increased the odds of experiencing suicide ideation. However, after controlling for psychiatric comorbidity, only disorders characterized by anxiety and poor impulse-control predict which people with suicide ideation act on such thoughts. These findings provide a more fine-grained understanding of the associations between mental disorders and subsequent suicidal behavior than previously available and indicate that mental disorders predict suicidal behaviors similarly in both developed and developing countries. Future research is needed to delineate the mechanisms through which people come to think about suicide and subsequently progress from ideation to attempts.
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    Cross-National Associations Between Gender and Mental Disorders in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys
    (Amer Medical Assoc, 515 N State ST, Chicago, IL 60610-0946 USA, 2009) Seedat, Soraya; Scott, Kate Margaret; Angermeyer, Matthias C.; Berglund, Patricia; Bromet, Evelyn J.; Brugha, Traolach S.; Demyttenaere, Koen; De Girolamo, Giovanni; Maria Haro, Josep; Jin, Robert; Karam, Elie G.; Kovess-Masfety, Viviane; Levinson, Daphna; Medina Mora, María Elena; Ono, Yutaka; Ormel, Johan; Pennell, Beth-Ellen; Posada-Villa, José; Sampson, Nancy A.; Williams, David; Kessler, Ronald C.; Harvard Univ, Dept Hlth Care Policy, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA; kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu
    Context: Gender differences in mental disorders, including more anxiety and mood disorders among women and more externalizing disorders among men, are found consistently in epidemiological surveys. The gender roles hypothesis suggests that these differences narrow as the roles of women and men become more equal. Objectives: To study time-space (cohort-country) variation in gender differences in lifetime DSM-IV mental disorders across cohorts in 15 countries in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Survey Initiative and to determine if this variation is significantly related to time-space variation in female gender role traditionality as measured by aggregate patterns of female education, employment, marital timing, and use of birth control. Design: Face-to-face household surveys. Setting: Africa, the Americas, Asia, Europe, the Middle East, and the Pacific. Participants: Community-dwelling adults (N=72 933). Main Outcome Measures: The World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview assessed lifetime prevalence and age at onset of 18 DSM-IV anxiety, mood, externalizing, and substance disorders. Survival analyses estimated time-space variation in female to male odds ratios of these disorders across cohorts defined by the following age ranges: 18 to 34, 35 to 49, 50 to 64, and 65 years and older. Structural equation analysis examined predictive effects of variation in gender role traditionality on these odds ratios. Results: In all cohorts and countries, women had more anxiety and mood disorders than men, and men had more externalizing and substance disorders than women. Although gender differences were generally consistent across cohorts, significant narrowing was found in recent cohorts for major depressive disorder and substance disorders. This narrowing was significantly related to temporal (major depressive disorder) and spatial (substance disorders) variation in gender role traditionality. Conclusions: While gender differences in most lifetime mental disorders were fairly stable over the time-space units studied, substantial intercohort narrowing of differences in major depression was found to be related to changes in the traditionality of female gender roles. Additional research is needed to understand why this temporal narrowing was confined to major depression.
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    Cross-national patterns of substance use disorder treatment and associations with mental disorder comorbidity in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2019) Harris, Meredith G.; Bharat, Chrianna; Glantz, Meyer D.; Sampson, Nancy A.; Al-Hamzawi, Ali; Alonso, Jordi; Bruffaerts, Ronny; Caldas de Almeida, José Miguel; Cia, Alfredo H.; Girolamo, Giovanni de; Florescu, Silvia; Gureje, Oye; Haro, Josep Maria; Hinkov, Hristo; Karam, Elie G.; Karam, Georges; Lee, Sing; Lé pine, Jean-Pierre; Levinson, Daphna; Makanjuola, Victor; McGrath, John; Mneimneh, Zeina; Navarro-Mateu, Fernando; Piazza, Marina; Posada-Villa, José; Rapsey, Charlene; Tachimori, Hisateru; Have, Margreet ten; Torres, Yolanda; Viana, Maria Carmen; Chatterji, Somnath; Zaslavsky, Alan M.; Kessler, Ronald C.; Degenhardt, Louisa; WHO World Mental Health Surveys collaborators; Benjet, Corina; Borges, Guilherme; Medina-Mora, María Elena; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland and Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research Level 3, Dawson House, The Park Centre for Mental Health Australia, Queensland, Australia.; meredith_harris@qcmhr.uq.edu.au
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    Cumulative traumas and risk thresholds: 12-month ptsd in the world mental health (WMH) surveys
    (2014) Karam, Elie G.; Friedman, Matthew J.; Hill, Eric D.; Kessler, Ronald C.; McLaughlin, Katie A.; Petukhova, Maria; Sampson, Laura; Shahly, Victoria; Angermeyer, Matthias C.; Bromet, Evelyn J.; De Girolamo, Giovanni; De Graaf, Ron; Demyttenaere, Koen; Ferry, Finola; Florescu, Silvia E.; Haro, Josep Maria; He, Yanling; Karam, Aimee N.; Kawakami, Norito; Kovess-Masfety, Viviane; Medina-Mora, María Elena; Browne Oakley, Mark A.; Posada-Villa, José A.; Shalev, Arieh Y.; Stein, Dan J.; Viana, Maria Carmen; Zarkov, Zahari; Koenen, Karestan C.; Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy, and Applied Care (IDRAAC), St. George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon; kck5@mail.cumc.columbia.edu
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    Determinants of effective treatment coverage for major depressive disorder in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys
    (BioMed Central, 2022) Vigo, Daniel V.; Kazdin, Alan E.; Sampson, Nancy A.; Hwang, Irving; Alonso, Jordi; Andrade, Laura Helena; Ayinde, Olatunde; Borges, Guilherme; Brufaerts, Ronny; Bunting, Brendan; Girolamo, Giovanni de; Florescu, Silvia; Gureje, Oye; Haro, Josep Maria; Harris, Meredith G.; Karam, Elie G.; Karam, Georges; Koves-Masfety, Viviane; Lee, Sing; Navar-Mateu, Fernando; Posada-Villa, José; Scott, Kate; Stagnaro, Juan Carlos; Have, Margreet ten; Wu, Chi-Shin; Xavier, Miguel; Kessler, Ronald C.; Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, UBC Hospital - Detwiller Pavilion, Room 2813, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, UBC Vancouver Campus, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A1, Canada; daniel.vigo@ubc.ca
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    Determinants of effective treatment coverage for posttraumatic stress disorder: findings from the World Mental Health Surveys
    (BioMed Central, 2023) Stein, Dan J.; Kazdin, Alan E.; Munthali, Richard J.; Hwang, Irving; Harris, Meredith G.; Alonso, Jordi; Andrade, Laura Helena; Brufaerts, Ronny; Cardoso, Graça; Chardoul, Stephanie; Girolamo, Giovanni de; Florescu, Silvia; Gureje, Oye; Haro, Josep Maria; Karam, Aimee N.; Karam, Elie G.; Kovess-Masfety, Viviane; Lee, Sing; Medina-Mora, Maria Elena; Navarro-Mateu, Fernando; Posada-Villa, José; Stagnaro, Juan Carlos; Have, Margreet ten; Sampson, Nancy A.; Kessler, Ronald C.; Vigo, Daniel V.; WHO World Mental Health Survey Collaborators; Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio; Al-Hamzawi, Ali; Alonso, Jordi; Altwaijri, Yasmin A.; Andrade, Laura Helena; Atwoli, Lukoye; Benjet, Corina; Borges, Guilherme; Bromet, Evelyn J.; Bruffaerts, Ronny; Bunting, Brendan; Caldas-de-Almeida, Jose Miguel; Cardoso, Graça; Chardoul, Stephanie; Chatterji, Somnath; Cia, Alfredo H.; Degenhardt, Louisa; Demyttenaere, Koen; Florescu, Silvia; Girolamo, Giovanni; Gureje, Oye; Haro, Josep Maria; Harris, Meredith G.; Hinkov, Hristo; Hu, Chi-Yi; Jonge, Peter de; Karam, Aimee Nasser; Karam, Elie G.; Karam, Georges; Kawakami, Norito; Kessler, Ronald C.; Kiejna, Andrzej; Kovess-Masfety, Viviane; Lee, Sing; Lepine, Jean-Pierre; McGrath, John J.; Moskalewicz, Jacek; Navarro-Mateu, Fernando; Piazza, Marina; Posada-Villa, Jose; Scott, Kate M.; Slade, Tim; Stagnaro, Juan Carlos; Stein, Dan J.; Have, Margreet ten; Torres, Yolanda; Viana, Maria Carmen; Vigo, Daniel V.; Whiteford, Harvey; Williams, David R.; Wojtyniak, Bogdan; Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health and South African Medical Council Research Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa; dan.stein@uct.ac.za (Dan J. Stein)
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    Dissociation in posttraumatic stress disorder: evidence from the World Mental Health Surveys
    (2013) Stein, Dan J.; Koenen, Karestan C.; Friedman, Matthew J.; Hill, Eric; McLaughlin, Katie A.; Petukhova, Maria; Meron Ruscio, Ayelet; Shahly, Victoria; Spiegel, David; Borges, Guilherme; Bunting, Brendan; Caldas-de-Almeida, Jose Miguel; De Girolamo, Giovanni; Demyttenaere, Koen; Florescu, Silvia; Haro, Josep Maria; Karam, Elie G.; Kovess-Masfety, Viviane; Lee, Sing; Matschinger, Herbert; Mladenova, Maya; Posada-Villa, Jose; Tachimori, Hisateru; Viana, Maria Carmen; Kessler, Ronald C.; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health (DJS), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu
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    Dissociation in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Evidence from the World Mental Health Surveys 
    (Elsevier Science INC, 360 Park Ave South, New York, NY 10010-1710 USA , 2013) Stein, Dan J.; Koenen, Karestan C.; Friedman, Matthew J.; Hill, Eric; McLaughlin, Katie A.; Petukhova, Maria; Ruscio, Ayelet Meron; Shahly, Victoria; Spiegel, David; Borges, Guilherme; Bunting, Brendan; Caldas-de-Almeida, Jose Miguel; de Girolamo, Giovanni; Demyttenaere, Koen; Florescu, Silvia; Maria Haro, Josep; Karam, Elie G.; Kovess-Masfety, Viviane; Lee, Sing; Matschinger, Herbert; Mladenova, Maya; Posada-Villa, Jose; Tachimori, Hisateru; Viana, Maria Carmen; Kessler, Ronald C.; Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Care Policy, 180 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA; Kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu 
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