Browsing by Author "Green, Jennifer Greif"

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    Childhood adversities and adult psychopathology in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys
    (Royal College of Psychiatrists, British Journal of Psychiatry 17 Belgrave Square, London SW1X 8PG, England, 2010) Kessler, Ronald C.; McLaughlin, Katie A.; Green, Jennifer Greif; Gruber, Michael J.; Sampson, Nancy A.; Zaslavsky, Alan M.; Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio; Alhamzawi, Ali Obaid; Alonso, Jordi; Angermeyer, Matthias; Benjet, Corina; Bromet, Evelyn; Chatterji, Somnath; De Girolamo, Giovanni; Demyttenaere, Koen; Fayyad, John; Florescu, Silvia; Gal, Gilad; Gureje, Oye; Maria Haro, Josep; Hu, Chi-yi; Karam, Elie G.; Kawakami, Norito; Lee, Sing; Lepine, Jean-Pierre; Ormel, Johan; Posada-Villa, José; Sagar, Rajesh; Tsang, Adley; Uestuen, T. Bedirhan; Vassilev, Svetlozar; Viana, María Carmen; Williams, David R.; Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Care Policy, Boston, MA 02115 USA; kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu
    Background: Although significant associations of childhood adversities with adult mental disorders are widely documented, most studies focus on single childhood adversities predicting single disorders. Aims: To examine joint associations of 12 childhood adversities with first onset of 20 DSM-IV disorders in World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys in 21 countries. Method: Nationally or regionally representative surveys of 51 945 adults assessed childhood adversities and lifetime DSM-IV disorders with the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Results: Childhood adversities were highly prevalent and interrelated. Childhood adversities associated with maladaptive family functioning (e.g. parental mental illness, child abuse, neglect) were the strongest predictors of disorders. Co-occurring childhood adversities associated with maladaptive family functioning had significant subadditive predictive associations and little specificity across disorders. Childhood adversities account for 29.8% of all disorders across countries. Conclusions: Childhood adversities have strong associations with all classes of disorders at all life-course stages in all groups of WMH countries. Long-term associations imply the existence of as-yet undetermined mediators.
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    Development of Lifetime Comorbidity in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys
    (AMER MEDICAL ASSOC, 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA, 2011) Kessler, Ronald C.; Ormel, Johan; Petukhova, María; McLaughlin, Katie A.; Green, Jennifer Greif; Russo, Leo J.; Stein, Dan J.; Zaslavsky, Alan M.; Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio; Alonso, Jordi; Andrade, Laura; Benjet, Corina; De Girolamo, Giovanni; De Graaf, Ron; Demyttenaere, Koen; Fayyad, John; Haro, Josep Maria; Hu, Chi Yi; Karam, Aimee; Lee, Sing; Lepine, Jean-Pierre; Matchsinger, Herbert; Mihaescu-Pintia, Constanta; Posada-Villa, José; Sagar, Rajesh; Uestuen, T. Bedirhan; Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Care Policy, Boston, MA 02115 USA; kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu
    Context: Although numerous studies have examined the role of latent variables in the structure of comorbidity among mental disorders, none has examined their role in the development of comorbidity. Objective: To study the role of latent variables in the development of comorbidity among 18 lifetime DSM-IV disorders in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys. Design: Nationally or regionally representative community surveys. Setting: Fourteen countries. Participants: A total of 21 229 survey respondents. Main Outcome Measures: First onset of 18 lifetime DSM-IV anxiety, mood, behavior, and substance disorders assessed retrospectively in the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Results: Separate internalizing (anxiety and mood disorders) and externalizing (behavior and substance disorders) factors were found in exploratory factor analysis of lifetime disorders. Consistently significant positive time-lagged associations were found in survival analyses for virtually all temporally primary lifetime disorders predicting subsequent onset of other disorders. Within-domain (ie, internalizing or externalizing) associations were generally stronger than between-domain associations. Most time-lagged associations were explained by a model that assumed the existence of mediating latent internalizing and externalizing variables. Specific phobia and obsessive-compulsive disorder (internalizing) and hyperactivity and oppositional defiant disorders (externalizing) were the most important predictors. A small number of residual associations remained significant after controlling the latent variables. Conclusions: The good fit of the latent variable model suggests that common causal pathways account for most of the comorbidity among the disorders considered herein. These common pathways should be the focus of future research on the development of comorbidity, although several important pairwise associations that cannot be accounted for by latent variables also exist that warrant further focused study.
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    Lifetime and 12-month treatment for mental disorders and suicidal thoughts and behaviors among first year college students
    (John Wiley & Sons, 2019) Bruffaerts, Ronny; Mortier, Philippe; Auerbach, Randy P.; Alonso, Jordi; Hermosillo De la Torre, Alicia E.; Cuijpers, Pim; Demyttenaere, Koen; Ebert, David D.; Green, Jennifer Greif; Hasking, Penelope; Stein, Dan J.; Ennis, Edel; Nock, Matthew K.; Pinder-Amaker, Stephanie; Sampson, Nancy A.; Vilagut, Gemma; Zaslavsky, Alan M.; Kessler, Ronald C.; WHO WMH-ICS Collaborators; Benjet, Corina; Borges, Guilherme; Medina-Mora, María Elena; Center for Public Health Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; ronny.bruffaerts@kuleuven.be