Browsing by Author "Fayyad, J."

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    A multinational study of mental disorders, marriage, and divorce
    (WILEY-BLACKWELL, COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA, 2011) Breslau, J.; Miller, E.; Jin, R.; Sampson, N.A.; Alonso, J.; Andrade, L.H.; Bromet, E.J.; De Girolamo, G.; Demyttenaere, K.; Fayyad, J.; Fukao, A.; Galaon, M.; Gureje, O.; He, Y.; Hinkov, H.R.; Hu, C.; Kovess-Masfety, V.; Matschinger, H.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Ormel, J.; Posada-Villa, J.; Sagar, R.; Scott, K.M.; Kessler, R.C.; Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Care Policy, Boston, MA 02115 USA; ncs@hcp.med.harvard.edu
    Objective: Estimate predictive associations of mental disorders with marriage and divorce in a cross-national sample. Method: Population surveys of mental disorders included assessment of age at first marriage in 19 countries (n = 46 128) and age at first divorce in a subset of 12 countries (n = 30 729). Associations between mental disorders and subsequent marriage and divorce were estimated in discrete time survival models. Results: Fourteen of 18 premarital mental disorders are associated with lower likelihood of ever marrying (odds ratios ranging from 0.6 to 0.9), but these associations vary across ages of marriage. Associations between premarital mental disorders and marriage are generally null for early marriage (age 17 or younger), but negative associations come to predominate at later ages. All 18 mental disorders are positively associated with divorce (odds ratios ranging from 1.2 to 1.8). Three disorders, specific phobia, major depression, and alcohol abuse, are associated with the largest population attributable risk proportions for both marriage and divorce. Conclusion: This evidence adds to research demonstrating adverse effects of mental disorders on life course altering events across a diverse range of socioeconomic and cultural settings. These effects should be included in considerations of public health investments in preventing and treating mental disorders.
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    Cross-national prevalence and correlates of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
    (2007) Fayyad, J.; De Graaf, R.; Kessler, R.; Alonso, J.; Angermeyer, M.; Demyttenaere, K.; De Girolamo, G.; Haro, J. M.; Karam, E. G.; Lara, C.; Lepine, J. P.; Ormel, J.; Posada-Villa, J.; Zaslavsky, A. M.; Jin, R.; permissions@rcpsych.ac.uk
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    Major depresive disorder subtypes to predict long-term course
    (New York, NY : Wiley, 2014) Van Loo, H.M.; Cai, T.X.; Gruber, M.J.; Li, J.L.; De Jonge, P.; Petukhova, M.; Rose, S.; Sampson, N.A.; Schoevers, R.A.; Wardenaar, K.J.; Wilcox, M.A.; Al-Hamzawi, A.O.; Andrade, L.H.; Bromet, E.J.; Bunting, B.; Fayyad, J.; Florescu, S.E.; Gureje, O.; Hu, C.Y.; Huang, Y.Q.; Levinson, D.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Nakane, Y.; Posada-Villa, J.; Scott, K. M.; Xavier, M.; Zarkov, Z.; Kessler, R.C.; Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Care Policy, 180 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA.; NCS@hcp.med.harvard.edu
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    Mental disorders and termination of education in high-income and low- and middle-income countries: epidemiological study
    (ROYAL COLLEGE OF PSYCHIATRISTS, BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 17 BELGRAVE SQUARE, LONDON SW1X 8PG, ENGLAND, 2009) Lee, S.; Tsang, A.; Breslau, J.; Aguilar-Gaxiola, S.; Angermeyer, M.; Borges, G.; Bromet, E.; Bruffaerts, R.; De Girolamo, G.; Fayyad, J.; Gureje, O.; Haro, J.M.; Kawakami, N.; Levinson, D.; Browne, M.A. Oakley; Ormel, J.; Posada-Villa, J.; Williams, D.R.; Kessler, R.C.; Prince Wales Hosp, Hong Kong Mood Disorders Ctr, 7A,Block E,Staff Quarters, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.; singlee@cuhk.edu.hk
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    Mental-physical co-morbidity and its relationship with disability: results from the World Mental Health Surveys
    (CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS, 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA, 2009) Scott, K.M.; Von Korff, M.; Alonso, J.; Angermeyer, M.C.; Bromet, E.; Fayyad, J.; De Girolamo, G.; Demyttenaere, K.; Gasquet, I.; Gureje, O.; Haro, J.M.; He, Y.; Kessler, R.C.; Levinson, D.; Medina Mora, M.E.; Oakley Browne, M.; Ormel, J.; Posada-Villa, J.; Watanabe, M.; Williams, D.; Univ Otago, Dept Psychol Med, Wellington, New Zealand; kate.scott@otago.ac.nz
    Background. The relationship between mental and physical disorders is well established, but there is less consensus as to the nature of their joint association with disability, in part because additive and interactive models of co-morbidity have not always been clearly differentiated in prior research. Method. Eighteen general population surveys were carried out among adults as part of the World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative (n = 42 697). DSM-IV disorders were assessed using face-to-face interviews with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0). Chronic physical conditions (arthritis, heart disease, respiratory disease, chronic back/neck pain, chronic headache, and diabetes) were ascertained using a standard checklist. Severe disability was defined as on or above the 90th percentile of the WMH version of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS-II). Results. The odds of severe disability among those with both mental disorder and each of the physical conditions (with the exception of heart disease) were significantly greater than the sum of the odds of the single conditions. The evidence for synergy was model dependent: it was observed in the additive interaction models but not in models assessing multiplicative interactions. Mental disorders were more likely to be associated with severe disability than were the chronic physical conditions. Conclusions. This first cross-national study of the joint effect of mental and physical conditions on the probability of severe disability finds that co-morbidity exerts modest synergistic effects. Clinicians need to accord both mental and physical conditions equal priority, in order for co-morbidity to be adequately managed and disability reduced.
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    Substance misuse disguised as ADHD? Authors' reply
    (ROYAL COLLEGE OF PSYCHIATRISTS, BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 17 BELGRAVE SQUARE, LONDON SW1X 8PG, ENGLAND, 2007) Kessler, R.C.; Fayyad, J.; Karam, E.G.; Alonso, J.; Demyttenaere, K.; Haro, J.M.; Lara, C.; Lepine, J.P.; Zaslavsky, A.M.; Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Care Policy, 180 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA; kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu
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    The prevalence and effects of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on the performance of workers: results from the WHO World Mental Health Survey Initiative
    (B M J PUBLISHING GROUP, BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND, 2008) De Graaf, R.; Kessler, R.C.; Fayyad, J.; Ten Have, M.; Alonso, J.; Angermeyer, M.; Borges, G.; Demyttenaere, K.; Gasquet, I.; De Girolamo, G.; Haro, J.M.; Jin, R.; Karam, E.G.; Ormel, J.; Posada-Villa, J.; Netherlands Inst Mental Hlth & Addict, NL-3521 VS Utrecht, Netherlands; rgraaf@trimbos.nl