Browsing by Author "Borges, G."

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A case-crossover study of acute alcohol use and suicide attempt
(ALCOHOL RES DOCUMENTATION INC CENT ALCOHOL STUD RUTGERS UNIV, C/O DEIRDRE ENGLISH, 607 ALLISON RD, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8001 USA, 2004) Borges, G.; Cherpitel, C.J.; MacDonald, S.; Giesbrecht, N.; Stockwell, T.; Wilcox, H.C.; Inst Nacl Psiquiatria Ramon de la Fuente, Direcc Invest Epidemiol & Psicosociales, Mexico City 14370, DF, Mexico; guibor@imp.edu.mx
Objective: Several studies have shown that acute alcohol use is associated with suicidal behavior, but the magnitude and nature of the relationship remain unclear. We report a study on the impact of acute alcohol use on suicide attempts treated in the emergency room (ER) using the case-crossover design. Method: Seven ER studies carried out in the United States, Canada, Mexico and Australia from 1984 to 1996 with probability samples and similar methodology were merged yielding a total of 102 suicide attempters (overall 52% were male and 59% under 30 years of age). Results: Thirty-six patients reported alcohol use within 6 hours prior to the suicide attempt. When usual alcohol consumption during the past 12 months served as the control value, the estimated relative risk (RR) for patients who reported alcohol use within 6 hours prior to the suicide attempt was 9.6 (95% confidence interval: 5.7-16.3). Although the prevalence of alcohol use differed by sex, there was no statistically significant difference in the estimated RRs (RR = 13.6 men and RR = 5.3 women, p = 0.11 for the heterogeneity test). Conclusions: A positive association was found between alcohol use 6 hours prior and suicide attempts in 102 ER cases in four countries. The case-crossover methodology is well suited to studies for which an external control group is not easily obtainable.
A comparison of substance use and injury among Mexican American emergency room patients in the United States and Mexicans in Mexico
(2001) Cherpitel, C.J.; Borges, G.; Public Health Institute, Alcohol Research Group, Berkeley, California 94709-2176, USA.; ccherpitel@arg.org
A cross-national meta-analysis of alcohol and injury: data from the Emergency Room Collaborative Alcohol Analysis Project (ERCAAP)
(2003) Cherpitel, C.J.; Bond, J.; Ye, Y.; Borges, G.; MacDonald, S.; Giesbrecht, N.; Public Health Institute Alcohol Research Group 2000 Hearst Avenue Berkeley, CA 94709 USA; ccherpitel@arg.org
Acute alcohol use and the risk of non-fatal injury in sixteen countries
(WILEY-BLACKWELL, COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA, 2006) Borges, G.; Cherpitel, C.J.; Orozco, R.; Bond, J.; Ye, Y.; MacDonald, S.; Giesbrecht, N.; Stockwell, T.; Cremonte, M.; Moskalewicz, J.; Swiatkiewicz, G.; Poznyak, V.; Inst Nacl Psiquiatria Ramon de la Fuente, Direcc Invest Epidemiol & Psicosociales, Mexico City 14370, DF, Mexico; guibor@imp.edu.mx
Aims To determine the relative risk (RR) of non-fatal injury associated with alcohol consumption in a series of emergency departments (EDs), possible effect modifiers and the impact of contextual variables on differences across sites. Design The case-crossover method was used to obtain RR estimates of the effect of alcohol on non-fatal injuries. Meta-analysis was used to evaluate the consistency and magnitude of RR across sites, and the extent to which contextual variables explain differences in effect sizes. Participants Probability samples of 11 536 injured patients attending 28 EDs studies in 16 countries (1984-2002). The majority of the sample was male (65%) and > 30 years old (53%). Measurements Exposed cases where those that consumed alcohol 6 hours prior to the injury. Usual alcohol consumption served as the control period. Findings Drinking within 6 hours prior to the injury was reported by 21% of the sample. The estimated (random) pooled relative risk for patients who reported alcohol use within 6 hours prior to injury was 5.69 (95% confidence interval = 4.04-8.00), ranging from 1.05 in Canada to 35.00 in South Africa. Effect size was not homogeneous across studies, as societies with riskier consumption patterns had a higher relative risk for injury. Heavier drinkers also showed lower RR. Conclusions Acute alcohol was a risk factor for non-fatal injuries in most sites. Policy measures addressed to the general population are recommended, especially in societies with riskier consumption patterns.
Alcohol consumption and its impact in México, 1970-1984: socio-economical variables
(1990) Rosovsky, H.; Borges, G.; Casanova, L.; Villatoro, J.; Instituto Mexicano de Psiquiatría. División de Estudios Epidemiológicos y Sociales. Ciudad de México, México.
Alcohol consumption and pregnancy in the Mexican national addiction survey
(1997) Borges, G.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Pelcastre, B.; Marina, F.F.; Instituto Mexicano de Psiquiatria, México, D.F., México.; guimar@servidor.unam.mx
En l988 la Dirección General de Epidemiología y el Instituto Mexicano de Psiquiatría llevaron a cabo la primera Encuesta Nacional de Adicciones (ENA), que proporciona información a nível nacional y regional sobre el uso de alcohol, tabaco y drogas ilícitas. La ENA incluye una submuestra de mujeres que se embarazaron alguma vez en la vida. Se obtuvieron 5.234 respuestas afirmativas a la pregunta de se alguma vez se habían embarazado. A este grupo se les preguntó si en su último embarazo tuvieron un aborto espontáneo, un bebe nacido muerto o un bebe con anomalías congênitas. La prevalencia de aborto espontáneo fue de 3,8%, 1,2% de nascidos muertos y 1,1% de anomalías congénitas. Se utilizaron modelos de regressión logística múltiple para analizar el papel del consumo de bebidas alcohólicas sobre estos problemas. El consumo de alcohol durante el embarazo sólo se asoció con la prevalencia de anomalias congênitas, con una razón de prevalencia de 3,4. Entre las bebedoras habituales de alcohol en los últimos 12 meses, sólo las mujeres que se ubicaron en la más alta categoria de consumo mostraron relaciones importantes con los tres problemas mencionados. Se sugiere la necesidad de realizar estudios de seguimento para llegar a conclusiones más definitivas.
An international consensus for assessing internet gaming disorder using the new DSM-5 approach
(2014) Petry, N. M.; Rehbein, F.; Gentile, D. A.; Lemmens, J. S.; Rumpf, H. J.; Mossle, T.; Bischof, G.; Tao, R.; Fung, D. S. S.; Borges, G.; Auriacombe, M.; Ibanez, A. G.; Tam, P.; O'Brien, C. P.
An overview of and rationale for changes proposed for pathological gambling in DSM-5
(2014) Petry, N. M.; Blanco, C.; Auriacombe, M.; Borges, G.; Bucholz, K.; Crowley, T. J.; Grant, B. F.; Hasin, D. S.; O'Brien, C.; University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06030-3944, USA; npetry@uchc.edu
Associations between subjective social status and DSM-IV mental disorders: results from the World Mental Health surveys
(2014) Scott, K.M.; Al-Hamzawi, A.O.; Andrade, L.H.; Borges, G.; Caldas-de-Almeida, J.M.; Fiestas, F.; Gureje, O.; Hu, C.Y.; Karam, E.G.; Kawakami, N.; Lee, S.; Levinson, D.; Lim, C.C.W.; Navarro-Mateu, F.; Okoliyski, M.; Posada-Villa, J.; Torres, Y.; Williams, D.R.; Zakhozha, V.; Kessler, R.C.; Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; kate.scott@otago.ac.nz
Associations of substance use, abuse, and dependence with subsequent suicidal behavior
(2000) Borges, G.; Walters, E.E.; Kessler, R.C.; Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; guibor@imp.edu.mx
Barriers to Mental Health Treatment: Results from the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys
(2014) Andrade, L. H.; Alonso, J.; Mneimneh, Z.; Wells, J. E.; Al-Hamzawi, A.; Borges, G.; Bromet, E.; Bruffaerts, R.; De Girolamo, G.; De Graaf, R.; Florescu, S.; Gureje, O.; Hinkov, H. R.; Hu, C.; Huang, Y.; Hwang, I.; Jin, R.; Karam, E. G.; Kovess-Masfety, V.; Levinson, D.; Matschinger, H.; O’Neill, S.; Posada-Villa, J.; Sagar, R.; Sampson, N. A.; Section of Psychiatric Epidemiology-LIM 23, Department/Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil; kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu
Casualties in Acapulco: results of a study on alcohol use and emergency room care
(1994) Borges, G.; García, G.; Gil, A.; Vandale, S.; Epidemiologic and Social Research Division, Mexican Institute of Psychiatry, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco C.P., 14370 Mexico, D.F. México
Change in binge eating and binge eating disorder associated with migration from Mexico to the U.S.
(2012) Swanson, S.A.; Saito, N.; Borges, G.; Benjet, C.; Aguilar-Gaxiola, S.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Breslau, J.; Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA 02115, USA; sswanson@hsph.harvard.edu
Consumo de bebidas alcohólicas y conductas violentas en Naucalpan de Juárez, Edo. de México
(1992) Borges, G.; Natera, G.; Garrido, F.; Cárdenas, V.; Ibarra, J.; Pelcastre, B.
En un estudio de casos y controles sobre mortalidad infantil en Naucalpan de Juárez, Estado de México, se realizaron entrevistas a 704 familias. Los datos obtenidos se utilizaron posteriormente para un análisis descriptivo del consumo de bebidas alcohólicas de la madre y del padre de los niños, a partir de información proporcionada por la cónyuge. En la muestra entrevistada se encontró una prevalencia alta de abstemias (84 por cento) y baja de abstemios (30 por cento). También se observó que son comunes los actos violentos del esposo contra la esposa (8 por cento), contra los vecinos (4 por cento) y contra los hijos (3.6 por cento). Esta violencia está relacionada con el patrón de consumo de bebidas alcohólicas (a mayor consumo más violencia) y con el nivel socioeconómico más pobre de la comunidad. Por último, se encontró que el 38 por cento de la población gasta una cuarta parte o más del ingreso familiar en el consumo de bebidas alcohólicas
Cross-national performance of the RAPS4/RAPS4-QF for tolerance and heavy drinking: Data from 13 countries
(ALCOHOL RES DOCUMENTATION INC CENT ALCOHOL STUD RUTGERS UNIV, C/O DEIRDRE ENGLISH, 607 ALLISON RD, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8001 USA, 2005) Cherpitel, C.J.; Ye, Y.; Bond, J.; Borges, G.; Cremonte, M.; Marais, S.; Poznyak, V.; Sovinova, H.; Moskalewicz, J.; Swiatkiewicz, G.; Alcohol Res Grp, Berkeley, CA 94709 USA; ccherpitel@arg.org
Objective: There are little data available on the performance of brief screening instruments for alcohol-use disorders crossnationally; therefore, we analyzed the performance of one such instrument in a number of countries. Method: Performance of the RAPS4 for tolerance and the RAPS4-QF for heavy drinking are analyzed from emergency room data across 13 countries included in the combined Emergency Room Collaborative Alcohol Analysis Project (ERCAAP) and the World Health Organization Collaborative Study on Alcohol and Injuries. Results: The RAPS4 showed good sensitivity and specificity for tolerance across most of the countries, but was higher in countries that were higher on societal-level detrimental drinking patterns. Prevalence of tolerance was also higher in those countries with high detrimental drinking pattern scores. Sensitivity of the RAPS4-QF for heavy drinking was uniformly high across countries, while maintaining good specificity, and did not vary by detrimental drinking patterns. Conclusions: Findings suggest the RAPS4 and RAPS4-QF may hold promise cross-nationally. Future research should more fully address the performance of brief screening instruments for alcohol-use disorders (using standard diagnostic criteria) cross-nationally, with consideration of the impact of societal drinking patterns.
Drinking in the injury event: A comparison of Mexican-American male ER patients in the United States and in Mexico
(2002) Cherpitel, C.J.; Borges, G.; Alcohol Research Group, Berkeley, California; ccherpitel@arg.org
Early alcohol or tobacco onset and transition to other drug use among students in the State of Morelos, Mexico
(ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND, 2005) Wagner, F.A.; Velasco-Mondragón, H.E.; Herrera-Vázquez, M.; Borges, G.; Lazcano-Ponce, E.; Morgan State Univ, Hopkins Ctr Hlth Disparities Solut, Drug Abuse Res Program, Publ Hlth Program, Baltimore, MD 21251 USA; fwagner@jewel.morgan.edu
In this study, we explored if patterns in the transition from alcohol/tobacco in the Mexican State of Morelos, Mexico are similar to those observed in other countries. Methods: The data were from a representative sample of youth age 11-21 years (n = 13,105), who participated in a paper-and-pencil survey in middle schools, high schools, and colleges in the State of Morelos, Mexico. Drug use was assess-sed via the standardized instrument mostly used in Mexican student surveys. Cox's models for discrete time-survival analyses, stratified by school and age group were used to estimate the risk of drug use in relation to age of alcohol and tobacco use initiation by gender, while accommodating the complex survey design. Results: About 5% of the students were estimated to have used drugs in their life. Male early users of alcohol or tobacco were more likely to use other drugs, compared to students who did not have an early alcohol or tobacco onset. Comment: Further studies on social mechanisms might help to account for observed similarities in patterns of drug involvement in different countries. even in the context of important differences in rates of drug use. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Emergency room injury presentations as an indicator of alcohol-related problems in the community: A multilevel analysis of an international study
(ALCOHOL RES DOCUMENTATION INC CENT ALCOHOL STUD RUTGERS UNIV, C/O DEIRDRE ENGLISH, 607 ALLISON RD, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8001 USA, 2004) Young, D.J.; Stockwell, T.; Cherpitel, C.J.; Ye, Y.; MacDonald, S.; Borges, G.; Giesbrecht, N.; Curtin Univ Technol, Nat Drug Res Inst, Perth, WA 6001, Australia; timstock@uvic.ca
Objective: This study describes and examines the development of surrogate measures of acute alcohol-related injury for use in the evaluation of community-based prevention initiatives. Method: An international collaborative study of alcohol and injury, the Emergency Room Collaborative Alcohol Analysis Project (ERCAAP), provided a subset of data on 8,580 emergency room (ER) presentations from five countries and 28 ER facilities. Results: Presentations most likely to be alcohol related were those made between 12:00 AM and 4:59 AM (56%), on Fridays, Saturdays or Sundays (26%); and those among injured persons who were male (28%), who were aged between 18 and 45 years (24%) or who were unmarried (24%). Multilevel logistic regression models confirmed the significance of the above variables as predictors of alcohol involvement prior to the injury event. The strongest predictor variable was presentation between 12 midnight and 4:59 AM with an odds ratio of 4.92 (Wald Test chi(2) = 397.6 p <.001). Being male had an odds ratio of 3.01 (Wald Test chi(2) = 247.25,p <.001), and presenting on a Friday, Saturday or Sunday night had an odds ratio of 1.50 (Wald Test chi(2) = 49.6, p <.001), whereas being under 45 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.20, p <.05) and being unmarried (OR = 1.2, p <.01) were less strong predictors. Combining all these values for variables raised the probability of prior alcohol involvement in such injury presentations to 0.65, although only 3.37% of all cases met these criteria, limiting applicability of this combined variable as a surrogate measure for intervention studies. Probabilities of prior alcohol involvement are presented with other combinations of values for the predictor variables. Conclusions: Frequency of night-time injury presentations to ER facilities, particularly by men, can be used as a reliable surrogate measure of alcohol-related injuries for various epidemiological and evaluation purposes.
Episodic alcohol use and risk of nonfatal injury
(OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC, JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA, 2004) Borges, G.; Cherpitel, C.J.; Mondragón, L.; Poznyak, V.; Peden, M.; Gutiérrez, I.; Inst Nacl Psiquiatria Ramon de la Fuente, Direcc Invest Epidemiol & Psicosociales, Mexico City 14370, DF, Mexico; guibor@imp.edu.mx
Usual and acute alcohol consumption are important risk factors for injury. Although alcohol-dependent people are thought to be at increased risk of injury, there are few reports suggesting that their risk is greater than that of nondependent alcohol users in a given episode of alcohol use. The authors conducted a case-crossover analysis of data on 705 injury patients from a hospital emergency department in Mexico City, Mexico, collected in 2002. The majority of the sample was male (60%) and over 30 years old (51%). With use of a multiple matching approach that took into account three control time periods (the day prior to the injury, the same day in the previous week, and the same day in the previous month), the estimated relative risk of injury for patients who reported having consumed alcohol within 6 hours prior to injury (17% of the sample) was 3.97 (95% confidence interval: 2.88, 5.48). This increase in the relative risk was concentrated within the first 2 hours after drinking; there was a positive association of increasing risk with increasing number of drinks consumed. These data suggested that relative risk estimates were the same for patients with and without alcohol use disorders.
Exposure to alcohol, drugs and tobacco and the risk of subsequent suicidality: Findings from the Mexican Adolescent Mental Health Survey
(ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND, 2011) Miller, M.; Borges, G.; Orozco, R.; Mukamal, K.; Rimm, E.B.; Benjet, C.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Inst Nacl Psiquiatria, Dept Invest Epidemiol, Direcc Invest Epidemiol & Psicosociales, Calzada Mexico Xochimilco 101, Mexico City 14370, DF, Mexico.; mmiller@hsph.harvard.edu
Aims: To examine whether the association between prevalence measures of suicidality and substance abuse/dependence among adolescents (1) is attenuated when temporal priority of exposure and outcome are taken into account, (2) extends to substance use (i.e. without disorder), (3) applies to tobacco use and dependence independent of illicit drugs and alcohol use/disorder, and (4) is confounded by comorbid mental illness. Design: Discrete-time survival models were applied to retrospectively reported age of onset of first suicidal ideation, plan and attempt and age of onset of first substance use and disorder. Participants: 3005 adolescents aged 12-17 residing in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area in 2005. Measurements: The World Mental Health computer-assisted adolescent version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to assess suicidal outcomes and psychiatric disorders including substance dependence/abuse. Findings: Use of and dependence on tobacco is as strong a predictor of subsequent suicidality as is use of and dependence with abuse of alcohol and drugs. The association between substance use and subsequent suicidality is not fully accounted for by comorbid mental illness. Conclusion: Efforts to reduce the use as well as the abuse of alcohol, drugs and tobacco may help reduce the risk of subsequent suicidal behaviors among adolescents in Mexico. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.