Browsing by Author "Andrade, Laura"

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Age of onset and lifetime projected risk of psychotic experiences: cross-national data from the World Mental Health Survey
(Oxford University Press, 2016) McGrath, John J.; Saha, Sukanta; Al-Hamzawi, Ali O.; Alonso, Jordi; Andrade, Laura; Borges, Guilherme; Bromet, Evelyn J.; Browne, Mark Oakley; Bruffaerts, Ronny; Caldas de Almeida, Jose M. ; Fayyad, John; Florescu, Silvia; Girolamo, Giovanni de; Gureje, Oye; Hu, Chiyi; Jonge, Peter de; Kovess-Masfety, Viviane; Lepine, Jean Pierre; Lim, Carmen C. W.; Navarro-Mateu, Fernando; Piazza, Maria; Sampson, Nancy; Posada-Villa, José; Kendler, Kenneth S.; Kessler, Ronald C.; Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Brisbane, Australia; j.mcgrath@uq.edu.au
Cross-national comparisons of the prevalences and correlates of mental disorders
(2000) Andrade, Laura; Caraveo-Anduaga, J.J.; Berglund, Patricia; Bijl, R.; Kessler, R.C.; Demler, Olga; Walters, Ellen; Offord, D.; Wittchen, H-U.; University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Development of lifetime comorbidity in the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys
(2011) Kessler, Ronald C.; Ormel, Johan; Petukhova, Maria; McLaughlin, Katie A.; Greif Green, Jennifer; Russo, Leo J.; Stein, Dan J.; Zaslavsky, Alan M; Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio; Alonso, Jordi; Andrade, Laura; Benjet, Corina; De Girolamo, Giovanni; De Graaf, Ron; Demyttenaere, Koen; Fayyad, John; Haro, Josep Maria; Hu, Chi yi; Karam, Aimee; Lee, Sing; Lepine, Jean-Pierre; Matchsinger, Herbert; Mihaescu-Pintia, Constanta; Posada-Villa, Jose; Sagar, Rajesh; Üstün, Bedirhan; Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA; kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu
Development of Lifetime Comorbidity in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys
(AMER MEDICAL ASSOC, 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA, 2011) Kessler, Ronald C.; Ormel, Johan; Petukhova, María; McLaughlin, Katie A.; Green, Jennifer Greif; Russo, Leo J.; Stein, Dan J.; Zaslavsky, Alan M.; Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio; Alonso, Jordi; Andrade, Laura; Benjet, Corina; De Girolamo, Giovanni; De Graaf, Ron; Demyttenaere, Koen; Fayyad, John; Haro, Josep Maria; Hu, Chi Yi; Karam, Aimee; Lee, Sing; Lepine, Jean-Pierre; Matchsinger, Herbert; Mihaescu-Pintia, Constanta; Posada-Villa, José; Sagar, Rajesh; Uestuen, T. Bedirhan; Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Care Policy, Boston, MA 02115 USA; kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu
Context: Although numerous studies have examined the role of latent variables in the structure of comorbidity among mental disorders, none has examined their role in the development of comorbidity. Objective: To study the role of latent variables in the development of comorbidity among 18 lifetime DSM-IV disorders in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys. Design: Nationally or regionally representative community surveys. Setting: Fourteen countries. Participants: A total of 21 229 survey respondents. Main Outcome Measures: First onset of 18 lifetime DSM-IV anxiety, mood, behavior, and substance disorders assessed retrospectively in the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Results: Separate internalizing (anxiety and mood disorders) and externalizing (behavior and substance disorders) factors were found in exploratory factor analysis of lifetime disorders. Consistently significant positive time-lagged associations were found in survival analyses for virtually all temporally primary lifetime disorders predicting subsequent onset of other disorders. Within-domain (ie, internalizing or externalizing) associations were generally stronger than between-domain associations. Most time-lagged associations were explained by a model that assumed the existence of mediating latent internalizing and externalizing variables. Specific phobia and obsessive-compulsive disorder (internalizing) and hyperactivity and oppositional defiant disorders (externalizing) were the most important predictors. A small number of residual associations remained significant after controlling the latent variables. Conclusions: The good fit of the latent variable model suggests that common causal pathways account for most of the comorbidity among the disorders considered herein. These common pathways should be the focus of future research on the development of comorbidity, although several important pairwise associations that cannot be accounted for by latent variables also exist that warrant further focused study.
Mental-substance comorbidities in the ICPE surveys
(Helsinki : Helsinki University Central Hospital. Psychiatric Clinic, 2001) Kessler, Ronald C.; Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio; Andrade, Laura; Bijl, Rob; Borges, Guilherme; Caraveo-Anduaga, Jorge J.; DeWit, David J.; Kolody, Bo; Merikangas, Kathleen R.; Molnar, Beth E.; Vega, William A.; Walters, Ellen E.; Hans-Ulrich, Wittchen; Bedirhan, Ustun; Harvard Medical School, Department of Health Care Policy, 180 Longwood Avenue Boston, MA, 02115 U.S.A.; kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu
Data are presented from seven community epidemiology surveys carried out in six countries in North America (Canada and the United States), Latin America (Brazil and Mexico), and Europe (Germany and the Netherlands) exploring patterns of comorbidity between mental disorders and substance use disorders. The surveys have a combined sample size of 28,658 respondents. Results are consistent across the surveys in showing that strong comorbidities exist between mental disorders and substance use disorders, that mental disorders are typically temporally primary (i.e., have earlier ages of onset than substance use disorders) in these comorbid pairs, and that primary mental disorders are significant predictors of the subsequent first onset of substance use disorders. Only active mental disorders, not remitted disorders, predict subsequent substance use, problems, and dependence, arguing indirectly that there is something about the mental disorders themselves rather than about determinants of these disorders, that promotes substance disorders. Decomposition shows that mental disorders are less powerful predictors of first drug use than of progressing from use to problem use and from problem use to dependence. Simulations suggest that primary mental disorders are associated with 54.7% of all drug dependence among men and 47.8% among women in these surveys. Conduct disorder and adult antisocial behavior are responsible for these cases among men, while anxiety disorders and mood disorders are also important among women. These results suggest that early interventions to treat mental disorders might be affective in reducing the number of people who would otherwise become dependent on drugs.
Perceived helpfulness of treatment for social anxiety disorder: findings from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys
(Springer, 2022) Bruffaerts, Ronny; Harris, Mereddith G.; Kazdin, Alan E.; Vigo, Daniel V.; Sampson, Nancy A.; Chiu, Wai Tat; Al-Hamzawi, Ali; Alonso, Jordi; Altwaijri, Yasmin A.; Andrade, Laura; Benjet, Corina; Girolamo, Giovanni de; Florescu, Silvia; Haro, Josep Maria; Hu, Chi-yi; Karam, Aimee; Karam, Elie G.; Koves-Masfety, Viviane; Lee, Sing; McGrath, John J.; Navarro-Mateu, Fernando; Nishi, Daisuke; O´Neill, Siobhan; Posada-Villa, José; Scott, Kate M.; Have, Margreet ten; Torres, Yolanda; Wojtyniak, Bogdan; Xavier, Miguel; Zarkov, Zahari; Kessler, Ronald C.; WHO World Mental Health Survey Collaborators; Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio; Al-Hamzawi, Ali; Al-Kaisy, Mohammed; Altwaijri, Yasmine A.; Alonso, Jordi; Andrade, Laura Helena; Atwoli, Lukoye; Benjet, Corina; Borges, Guilherme; Bromet, Evelyn J.; Bruffaerts, Ronny; Bunting, Brendan; Caldas-de-Almeida, Jose Miguel; Cardoso, Graça; Chatterji, Somnath; Cia, Alfredo H.; Degenhardt, Louisa; Demyttenaere, Koen; Florescu, Silvia; Girolamo, Giovanni de; Gureje, Oye; Haro, Josep Maria; Harris, Meredith G.; Hinkov, Hristo; Hu, Chi-Yi; Jonge, Peter de; Karam, Aimee Nasser; Karam, Elie G.; Kawakami, Norito; Kessler, Ronald C.; Kiejna, Andrzej; Kovess-Masfety, Viviane; Lee, Sing; Lepine, Jean-Pierre; McGrath, John J.; Medina-Mora, Maria Elena; Mneimneh, Zeina; Moskalewicz, Jacek; Navarro-Mateu, Fernando; Piazza, Marina; Posada-Villa, Jose; Scott, Kate M.; Slade, Tim; Stagnaro, Juan Carlos; Stein, Dan J.; Have, Margreet Ten; Torres, Yolanda; Viana, Maria Carmen; Vigo, Daniel V.; Whiteford, Harvey; Williams, David R.; Wojtyniak, Bogdan; Universitair Psychiatrisch Centrum-Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (UPC-KUL), Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium; kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu (Ronald C. Kessler)
Prevalence and age of onset for drug use in seven international sites: results from the international consortium of psychiatric epidemiology
(Lausanne, Elsevier Sequoia, 2002) Vega, William A.; Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio; Andrade, Laura; Bijl, Rob; Borges, Guilherme; Caraveo-Anduaga, Jorge J.; DeWit, David J.; Heeringa, Steven G.; Kessler, Ronald C.; Kolody, Bo; Merikangas, Kathleen R.; Molnar, Beth E.; Walters, Ellen E.; Warner, Lynn A.; Hans-Ulrich, Wittchen; Institute for Quality, Research, and Training, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School-UMDNJ, 335 George Street, 3rd Floor, Liberty Plaza, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; vegawa@umdnj.edu
Rapid-cycling bipolar disorder: cross-national community study
(ROYAL COLLEGE OF PSYCHIATRISTS, BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 17 BELGRAVE SQUARE, LONDON SW1X 8PG, ENGLAND, 2010) Lee, Sing; Tsang, Adley; Kessler, Ronald C.; Jin, Robert; Sampson, Nancy; Andrade, Laura; Karam, Elie G.; Medina Mora, María Elena; Merikangas, Kathleen; Nakane, Yoshibumi; Popovici, Daniela Georgeta; Posada-Villa, José; Sagar, Rajesh; Wells, J. Elisabeth; Zarkov, Zahari; Petukhova, María; Prince Wales Hosp, Hong Kong Mood Disorders Ctr, 7A,Block E,Staff Quarters, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.; singlee@cuhk.edu.hk
The bidirectional associations between psychotic experiences and DSM-IV Mental Disorders
(American Psychiatric Association, 2016) McGrath, John J.; Saha, Sukanta; Al-Hamzawi, Ali; Andrade, Laura; Benjet, Corina; Bromet, Evelyn J.; Browne, Mark Oakley; Caldas de Almeida, Jose M.; Chiu, Wai Tat; Demyttenaere, Koen; Fayyad, John; Florescu, Silvia; Girolamo, Giovanni de; Gureje, Oye; Haro, Josep Maria; Have, Margreet ten; Hu, Chiyi; Kovess-Masfety, Viviane; Lim, Carmen C.W.; Navarro-Mateu, Fernando; Sampson, Nancy; Posada-Villa, José; Kendler, Kenneth S.; Kessler, Ronald C.; From the Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Australia; j.mcgrath@uq.edu.au
The epidemiology of major depressive episodes: results from the International Consortium of Psychiatric Epidemiology (ICPE) Surveys
(2003) Andrade, Laura; Caraveo-Anduaga, Jorge J.; Berglund, Patricia; Bijl, Rob V.; De Graaf, Ron; Vollebergh, Wilma; Dragomirecka, Eva; Kohn, Robert; Keller, Martin; Kessler, Ronald C.; Kawakami, Norito; Kilic, Cengiz; Offord, David; Ustun, T. Bedirhan; Vicente, B.; Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich; Max Planck Inst Psychiat, D-80804 Munich, Germany
The International Consortium in Psychiatric Epidemiology
(Praha : Tigis, 2000) Kessler, Ronald C.; Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio; Alegria, Margarita; Andrade, Laura; Bijl, Rob; Caraveo-Anduaga, Jorge J.; DeWitt, David J.; Kolody, Bohdan; Ustun, T. Bedirhan; Vega, William A.; Hans-Ulrich, Wittchen; Harvard Medical School, Departament of Health Care Policy, 180 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, USA 02115
We present an overview of the ICPE´s activities during its first years of existence, and preliminary results from our first major collaborative ICPE studies focused on cross-national similarities and differences in pattern of substance use in six countries. In conclusion, we discuss the Consortium’s future directions and planned activities associated with our year 200 initiative (World Mental Health 2000).
Los trastornos mentales en América Latina y el Caribe: asunto prioritario para la salud pública
(Washington, D.C. : Pan American Health Organization, [1997?-, 2005) Kohn, Robert; Levav, Itzhak; De Almeida, José Miguel; Vicente, Benjamín; Andrade, Laura; Caraveo-Anduaga, Jorge J.; Saxena, Shekhar; Saraceno, Benedetto; Brown University, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Providence, Rhode Island 02906, USA.; Robert_Kohn@brown.edu
Objetivo. La creciente carga de trastornos mentales que afecta a las poblaciones de América Latina y el Caribe es demasiado grande para hacer caso omiso de ella. Por lo tanto, es una necesidad impostergable conocer la prevalencia de los trastornos mentales y la brecha de tratamiento, que está dada por la diferencia entre las tasas de prevalencia verdadera y las de las personas que han sido tratadas, que en algunos casos es grande pese a la existencia de tratamientos eficaces. Si se dispone de mayor información, se hace más factible 1) abogar mejor por los intereses de las personas que necesitan atención, 2) adoptar políticas más eficaces, 3) formular programas de intervención innovadores y 4) adjudicar recursos en conformidad con las necesidades observadas. Métodos. Los datos se obtuvieron de estudios comunitarios publicados en América Latina y el Caribe entre 1980 y 2004. En esas investigaciones epidemiológicas se usaron instrumentos diagnósticos estructurados y se estimaron tasas de prevalencia. Las tasas brutas de diversos trastornos psiquiátricos en América Latina y el Caribe se estimaron a partir de las tasas media y mediana extraídas de los estudios, desglosadas por sexo. También se extrajeron los datos correspondientes al uso de servicios de salud mental para poder calcular la brecha en el tratamiento según trastornos específicos. Resultados. Las psicosis no afectivas (entre ellas la esquizofrenia) tuvieron una prevalencia media estimada durante el año precedente de 1,0%; la depresión mayor, de 4,9%; y el abuso o la dependencia del alcohol, de 5,7%. Más de la tercera parte de las personas afectadas por psicosis no afectivas, más de la mitad de las afectadas por trastornos de ansiedad, y cerca de tres cuartas partes de las que abusaban o dependían del alcohol no habían recibido tratamiento psiquiátrico alguno, sea en un servicio especializado o en uno de tipo general. Conclusiones. La actual brecha en el tratamiento de los trastornos mentales en América Latina y el Caribe sigue siendo abrumadora. Además, las tasas actuales probablemente subestiman el número de personas sin atención. La transición epidemiológica y los cambios en la composición poblacional acentuarán aun más la brecha en la atención en América Latina y el Caribe, a no ser que se formulen nuevas políticas de salud mental o que se actualicen las existentes, procurando incluir en ellas la extensión de los programas y servicios.